🔁 Sequence of Tense MCQ — উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যাসহ

Reported speech ও সময়ের মিল · মোট ৫০টি প্রশ্ন। প্রতিটি প্রশ্নের নিচে “উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা” চাপলে সঠিক উত্তর আর বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা দেখাবে।

⏱️ Sequence of Tense Model Test দাও 🎮 Fun Quiz

১. He said that he ____ busy.
1. is
2. was
3. will be
4. has been
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. was

A past reporting verb usually backshifts present to past when reporting a past viewpoint.

Reporting verb said অতীতে থাকলে reported অংশের present (is) সাধারণত past হয়: was।
২. The teacher said that man ____ mortal.
1. was
2. is
3. had been
4. will be
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. is

Universal truths remain in the present even after a past reporting verb.

মানুষ মরণশীল—চিরন্তন সত্য; reporting verb past হলেও present থাকে: is।
৩. The teacher said that Bangladesh ____ independent in 1971.
1. has become
2. becomes
3. became
4. had become
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. became

A historical fact is expressed in past simple, not past perfect solely due to reporting.

১৯৭১-এর ঐতিহাসিক ঘটনা past simple-এ থাকে; শুধু said থাকার জন্য had become হয় না।
৪. He told me that he ____ in Khulna the previous year.
1. had been working
2. has been working
3. has worked
4. is working
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: A. had been working

Past reporting + an earlier past period calls for past perfect continuous in this context.

Previous year-এ কাজ চলছিল, আর বলা হয়েছে তারও পরে—আগের অতীতে চলমান কাজে past perfect continuous।

উৎস: DU C Unit 2014–15
৫. Nobody had known before the presentation that Salma ____ the award.
1. will receive
2. would receive
3. receives
4. has received
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. would receive

A future event viewed from a past point commonly uses would.

অতীতের দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে পরের (ভবিষ্যৎ) ঘটনা বোঝাতে will-এর বদলে would: would receive।

উৎস: CU E Unit 2013–14
৬. I will meet you when she ____.
1. will call
2. called
3. calls
4. would call
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. calls

Future main clause + when clause: present simple in the when clause.

Main clause ভবিষ্যৎ (will meet); when-clause-এ will না বসে present simple: calls।
৭. He thought that he ____ the glass.
1. breaks
2. has broken
3. had broken
4. will break
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had broken

The breaking preceded the past thought: past perfect.

ভাবনার আগেই গ্লাস ভেঙেছে—আগের অতীত কাজে past perfect: had broken।
৮. He talks as if he ____ mad.
1. is
2. were
3. has been
4. will be
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. were

As if with a present main clause and unreal comparison can take past subjunctive were.

As if দিয়ে অবাস্তব তুলনা (সে আসলে পাগল নয়)—present main clause-এর পরে were।
৯. He talked as though he ____ a ghost.
1. sees
2. has seen
3. had seen
4. will see
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had seen

Past main clause + unreal prior action after as though takes past perfect.

Talked (past) + as though + অবাস্তব আগের ঘটনা → past perfect: had seen।
১০. It was ten years since we ____.
1. met
2. have met
3. had met
4. meet
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had met

Past main clause + since clause often uses past perfect for the earlier event.

Main clause past (It was ten years since) হলে since-এর পরের আগের ঘটনায় past perfect: had met।
১১. I know when he usually ____.
1. will arrive
2. arrives
3. arrived
4. had arrived
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. arrives

With a present main clause, a habitual action takes present simple: arrives.

Main clause present (I know); সে সাধারণত কখন আসে—অভ্যাস বোঝাতে present simple: arrives।
১২. He said, “I will go.” Reported speech: He said that he ____.
1. will go
2. would go
3. goes
4. had gone
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. would go

Will generally backshifts to would in reported speech after said.

Said (past) থাকলে direct speech-এর will reported speech-এ would হয়।
১৩. She said that she ____ the work the day before.
1. finishes
2. has finished
3. had finished
4. will finish
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had finished

The work was completed before the past reporting time: past perfect.

কাজটি বলার আগের দিন শেষ হয়েছিল—আগের অতীতে past perfect: had finished; the day before।
১৪. I will call you before I ____ for the airport.
1. will leave
2. left
3. leave
4. would leave
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. leave

Before-clause referring to the future uses present simple.

Before দিয়ে শুরু ভবিষ্যৎ clause-এ will বসে না, present simple: leave।
১৫. He said that the Earth ____ around the Sun.
1. moved
2. moves
3. had moved
4. will move
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. moves

Universal truth remains present in reported speech.

পৃথিবী সূর্যের চারদিকে ঘোরে—চিরন্তন সত্য, reported speech-এও present: moves।
১৬. No sooner had the teacher entered the room ____ the students stood up.
1. when
2. than
3. then
4. while
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. than

Fixed correlative pattern: no sooner … than.

No sooner ... than নির্দিষ্ট জোড়া; এখানে when বা then বসে না।
১৭. Hardly had I finished the work ____ he arrived.
1. than
2. while
3. when
4. since
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. when

Fixed pattern: hardly … when (or before).

Hardly/Scarcely ... when (বা before) নির্দিষ্ট জোড়া; than বসে না।
১৮. He left the room after he ____ the letter.
1. writes
2. has written
3. had written
4. will write
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had written

The letter-writing happened before he left; past perfect marks the earlier action.

চিঠি লেখা আগে শেষ, তারপর ঘর ছেড়েছে—আগের কাজে past perfect: had written।
১৯. I reached the station after the train ____.
1. left
2. has left
3. had left
4. leaves
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had left

The train left before the speaker reached the station.

আমি পৌঁছানোর আগেই ট্রেন চলে গিয়েছিল—আগের অতীত কাজে past perfect: had left।
২০. She promised that she ____ help us.
1. will
2. would
3. shall
4. can
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. would

A past promise reporting a future action takes would.

Promised (past) থাকায় ভবিষ্যতের প্রতিশ্রুতিতে will হয় would।
২১. He said that he ____ come if he had time.
1. will
2. would
3. will have
4. comes
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. would

Reported conditional intention commonly uses would.

Said (past) + শর্তসাপেক্ষ ইচ্ছা: would come if he had time।
২২. If he ____ tomorrow, I will tell him.
1. will come
2. came
3. comes
4. would come
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. comes

First conditional uses present simple in the if-clause.

First conditional: if-clause-এ present simple (comes), main clause-এ will।
২৩. She asked me where I ____.
1. live
2. do I live
3. lived
4. will live
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. lived

Reported questions use statement word order and commonly backshift after asked.

Reported question-এ প্রশ্নের order থাকে না (do I live নয়) এবং asked past হওয়ায় lived।
২৪. He asked whether I ____ the film.
1. have seen
2. had seen
3. will see
4. am seeing
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. had seen

Reported yes/no questions commonly backshift present perfect to past perfect.

Asked whether (past) থাকলে present perfect হয় past perfect: had seen।
২৫. The principal ordered that every student ____ present.
1. is
2. be
3. was
4. will be
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. be

After order + that, the mandative subjunctive base form be is standard.

Order that-এর পরে mandative subjunctive: every student be present (is নয়)।
২৬. He said, “I can swim.” Reported speech: He said that he ____ swim.
1. can
2. could
3. will
4. has
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. could

Can commonly backshifts to could in reported speech.

Said (past) থাকলে can হয় could: He said that he could swim।
২৭. She said, “I have finished.” Reported speech: She said that she ____ finished.
1. has
2. had
3. will have
4. is
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. had

Present perfect commonly backshifts to past perfect after a past reporting verb.

Present perfect (have finished) reported speech-এ past perfect হয়: had finished।
২৮. He said, “I saw him yesterday.” He said that he ____ him the day before.
1. saw
2. has seen
3. had seen
4. sees
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had seen

Past simple can backshift to past perfect in reported speech; yesterday becomes the day before.

Saw → had seen, আর yesterday → the day before—reported speech-এর নিয়ম।
২৯. I know that he ____ the answer yesterday.
1. knows
2. knew
3. will know
4. has known
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. knew

The subordinate event has a specified past time, so use past simple.

Main clause present হলেও subordinate clause-এ নির্দিষ্ট অতীত সময় (yesterday) থাকায় past simple: knew।
৩০. She will succeed if she ____ hard.
1. will work
2. works
3. worked
4. would work
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. works

Future main clause does not require will in the if-clause.

If-clause-এ ভবিষ্যৎ বোঝাতেও will বসে না; she-এর সঙ্গে present simple: works।
৩১. He behaves as if he ____ everything.
1. knows
2. knew
3. has known
4. will know
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. knew

As if for an unreal comparison can take past simple.

Present main clause (behaves) + as if + অবাস্তব তুলনা → past simple: knew।
৩২. He behaved as if he ____ everything.
1. knows
2. knew
3. had known
4. will know
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had known

With a past main verb, an unreal prior state can take past perfect.

Past main clause (behaved) + as if + অবাস্তব তুলনা → past perfect: had known।
৩৩. It is five years since I ____ you last.
1. have met
2. meet
3. met
4. had met
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. met

It is + duration + since + past simple.

It is + সময়কাল + since-এর পরে past simple: met।
৩৪. Five years ____ since I met you last.
1. has passed
2. have passed
3. passed
4. is passing
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. have passed

When the duration phrase is the subject (five years), use present perfect plural.

Five years subject হলে plural verb এবং present perfect: have passed।
৩৫. Since it ____ raining, we stayed at home.
1. is
2. was
3. has
4. will be
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. was

Since meaning because takes a tense that matches the reason; past context uses was.

এখানে since মানে because; ঘটনা অতীতের (we stayed), তাই was raining।
৩৬. He said that he would go. The word “would” ____ in reported speech.
1. must change to went
2. is already appropriate
3. must change to gone
4. must change to will
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. is already appropriate

Would is retained as the backshifted form of will.

Will-এর reported form-ই would; তাই would আর বদলাতে হয় না।
৩৭. I shall meet my friend when he ____.
1. will come
2. came
3. comes
4. will have come
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. comes

Future-time when clause uses present simple.

ভবিষ্যৎ বোঝানো when-clause-এ will বসে না, present simple: comes।

উৎস: JnU B Unit 2010–11
৩৮. The police discovered that the suspect ____ before dawn.
1. escapes
2. has escaped
3. had escaped
4. will escape
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had escaped

The escape preceded the past discovery.

পুলিশ জানার আগেই সে পালিয়েছিল—আগের অতীত কাজে past perfect: had escaped।
৩৯. She said she ____ working when the lights went out.
1. is
2. was
3. will be
4. has been
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. was

Past reporting and a past ongoing action: was working.

বাতি নিভে যাওয়ার সময় কাজ চলছিল—past continuous: was working।
৪০. If I ____ you, I would apologise.
1. am
2. was
3. were
4. will be
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. were

Hypothetical if-clause conventionally uses were for all persons.

অবাস্তব শর্তে (আমি তুমি নই) সব subject-এর সঙ্গে were: If I were you।
৪১. He will wait until she ____.
1. will return
2. returns
3. returned
4. would return
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. returns

Until-clause referring to the future takes present simple.

Until দিয়ে শুরু ভবিষ্যৎ clause-এ will বসে না, present simple: returns।
৪২. The teacher told us that we ____ hard.
1. ought to work
2. ought worked
3. ought working
4. ought to worked
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: A. ought to work

Modal-like ought to is followed by base verb and remains unchanged in reported speech.

Ought to-এর পরে base verb বসে এবং reported speech-এ এটি বদলায় না: ought to work।
৪৩. He said that he ____ help me the following day.
1. can
2. could
3. will
4. has
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. could

Can commonly backshifts to could and tomorrow becomes the following day.

Can → could এবং tomorrow → the following day: could help me the following day।
৪৪. When I arrived, they ____ lunch.
1. have
2. had
3. were having
4. will have
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. were having

The lunch action was in progress at the time of arrival.

আমি পৌঁছানোর সময় তারা lunch করছিল—চলমান অতীত কাজে past continuous: were having।
৪৫. I will go if he ____.
1. will come
2. comes
3. came
4. would come
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. comes

First conditional uses present simple after if.

First conditional: if-এর পরে present simple (comes), will নয়।
৪৬. He said that he ____ the book already.
1. reads
2. has read
3. had read
4. will read
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had read

Already completed before the past reporting time: past perfect.

Already + বলার আগেই শেষ হওয়া কাজ → past perfect: had read।
৪৭. The teacher said that the exam ____ the next day.
1. will be
2. would be
3. is being
4. has been
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. would be

A future event from a past viewpoint takes would.

Said (past) থাকায় ভবিষ্যতের will হয় would; tomorrow হয় the next day।
৪৮. She asked me what I ____.
1. am doing
2. was doing
3. do I do
4. will do
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. was doing

Reported question uses statement order and past backshift.

Reported question-এ statement order থাকে (do I do নয়) এবং asked past হওয়ায় was doing।
৪৯. He will stay here until the rain ____.
1. will stop
2. stops
3. stopped
4. would stop
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: B. stops

Until-clause about the future uses present simple.

Until দিয়ে শুরু ভবিষ্যৎ clause-এ present simple: stops।
৫০. They said that they ____ the project the previous week.
1. complete
2. completed
3. had completed
4. will complete
উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা

উত্তর: C. had completed

Previous week precedes the past reporting time: past perfect.

আগের সপ্তাহে শেষ হয়েছিল, বলা হয়েছে পরে—আগের অতীতে past perfect: had completed।

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